Nitrogen-N, Phosphorous and Potash (phosphate)-P, Potassium-K, if a plant is deficient in any of these, they will eventually die.
Nitrogen-N
(Nitrogen deficiency on maple)
Of the major nutrients, nitrogen (N) is often required in the greatest quantity by crops, primarily for vigor and yield. Nitrogen plays a key role in chlorophyll production and protein synthesis. Chlorophyll is the green plant pigment responsible for photosynthesis. When nitrogen is deficient, plants develop yellow or pale leaves and their growth is stunted.
Phosphorous & Potash (phosphate)-P
(Phosphorous deficiency on sugar beet)
Phosphorus (P), is a vital component of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) which supply the energy for many processes in the plant. Phosphorus rarely produces spectacular growth responses, but is fundamental to the successful development of all crops. For example, maize or other corn crops that lack phosphorus during the growing season achieve lower yields.
Potassium-K
(Potassium deficiency on tomato plant)
Potassium (K) is needed by virtually all crops and often in higher rates than nitrogen. Potassium regulates the plant’s water content and the expansion. It is key to achieving good yield and quality in cotton and critical for increasing the size, juice content and sweetness of fruit.
Boron (B ) is needed for the development of shoots and roots, and essential during the flowering and fruiting phases of crops.
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